The Cardano network has reached an important milestone by successfully deploying the first zero-knowledge (ZK) smart contract on mainnet.
This work leverages the Plutus v3 ledger language and represents a step forward in network functionality.
ZK smart contract Halo2 enables zero-knowledge applications and partner chains such as Midnight to integrate with Cardano.
On November 25th, the Input/Output (IO) research team verified the Halo2 proof of ad-hoc threshold multi-signature scheme (ATMS) on mainnet. This scheme successfully verified 50 out of 90 signatures.
This process involves two transactions, one that locks the funds and one that unlocks them after proof verification. The lock transaction cost was 0.16 ADA, while unlocking using Halo2 validation required a fee of 2.03 ADA.
Understanding Halo2
Halo2 is a state-of-the-art zk-SNARK proof system that enables secure transaction verification without revealing sensitive information.
The company explained that the technology is built on the PLONK protocol, a general-purpose zk-SNARK framework that optimizes efficiency and flexibility. Halo 2 is component-based and aims to break down its functionality into modular elements that can be easily adapted to your cryptographic needs.
This approach allows one party to confirm calculations to the other party without exposing the underlying data. Unlike traditional zk-SNARK systems, Halo2 eliminates the need for a trusted setup, addressing potential security risks and logistical challenges.
Another distinguishing feature of Halo2 is its support for recursive proofs. This feature splits the computation into smaller segments, where the proof at one stage serves as input for the next stage. This feature enables efficient proof aggregation and aims to improve performance and scalability.
The input output is stated as follows:
“Halo 2 was developed as an extension and improvement of the original Halo protocol, designed by Sean Bowe at Electric Coin Company. Halo 2 builds on modern cryptographic primitives to support zero-knowledge proofs. Enhances overall security.”
With these advances, Halo2 aims to reduce overhead costs and increase the speed of proof generation and verification in real-world applications.
Posts mentioned in this article: Cardano, Technology
Source link
